Research
The mechanisms of computation and of perceptual, cognitive, and conscious experience in natural and artificial intelligent systems.
Statement
My research aims to decipher the mechanisms of perceptual and conscious experience in intelligent systems. This quest begins with an exploration of how humans, as conscious and intelligent beings, process and form conscious experiences of perception, cognition and reasoning through our neural systems. This intricate process allows us not only to feel and think but also to be aware of our thoughts and feelings. I propose that the human brain is a prime example of such a system, yet it is not the sole example. If Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is successfully developed, it would represent another potential form of an intelligent and possibly conscious system. A fundamental question in my research is whether these systems can genuinely experience perception or consciousness.
I am keen to explore whether, how, and why intelligent systems, including humans and AGI, can possess perceptual and phenomenological experiences. Is it possible to develop a scientific and computational model to explain these phenomena? The implications of such understanding are vast, extending even to concepts like mind uploading, often featured in science fiction.
To unravel these mysteries, we must delve into the general principles of perception, reasoning, learning, cognition, and consciousness. Understanding how these are implemented in the brain is a crucial first step on this ambitious journey. I am dedicated to pushing us forward on this journey.
Research experience
Inter-areal computation and cortical population dynamics
My active thrust is inter-areal computation, with David J. Freedman’s lab: a geometric and dynamical-systems theory of how the activity of one brain area shapes the computation in another, tested against multi-area recordings, with the FEF preprint as its data anchor. It builds on my established Doiron-lab line — balanced-network theory extended to nonlinear, population-wide correlated activity (Nature Communications 2025); a spiking-network account of how attention rotates a population code, with the Cohen lab; retinal noise resilience with the Wei lab; and the cortical-versus-thalamic origins of behavioral modulation in V1.
Retinal disinhibition and noise resilience
Biologically plausible circuit models of retinal motifs, asking how distinct cell types collectively keep the retina’s output reliable across environments whose noise statistics differ by orders of magnitude.
Dynamic-network construction and sampling over joins
Algorithms and data platforms for the exact, fast construction of dynamic networks from large time series; i.i.d. sampling over unions of joins; fairness-aware data integration.
Perceptual decision-making across the lifespan
How perceptual decisions unfold over time and change with age under varying perceptual noise, and the social effects of crowd gaze on visual search.
Stress neurobiology from imaging, via representation learning
Graph neural networks, dimensionality reduction and representation learning applied to human fMRI and mesoscopic calcium imaging of stress neurobiology.
Abstract-rule learning and visual decision confidence
Semi-supervised learning for Raven’s Progressive Matrices, and computational models of visual decision-making and confidence in OCD from behavioral and fMRI data.
Supervised training algorithms for spiking networks
With Alex Iosevich — supervised methods for training spiking neural networks.
Perception versus cognition, and machine experience
With Alison Peterman — the relationship between computational models of visual perception and visual phenomenal experience.
Teaching
NSCI 22950 — Computational Modeling of Biological Brain Circuits
CPNS 30116 — Survey of Systems Neuroscience
CSC 2/480 — Computer Models and Limitations
Service
Community Leader, Claude Community
Founding cohort — 130 inaugural leaders worldwide
Founding Vice Chair, Student Chapter of the Biophysical Society
Founding Chair, ACM Student Chapter
Reviewing
NeurIPS 2026 · AISTATS 2026 · NeurIPS 2025 · CogSci 2025 · AISTATS 2025 · Frontiers in Neurology · NeurIPS 2024 · ICML 2024 Workshop · CogSci 2024 · ICLR 2024 · NeurIPS 2023 · ICML 2023 Workshop
Collaborators
- Brent Doiron University of Chicago · advisor
- Marlene R. Cohen University of Chicago
- David J. Freedman University of Chicago
- Wei Wei University of Chicago
- Ramanujan Srinath University of Chicago
- Peijia Yu University of Chicago
- Vincenzo Vitelli University of Chicago
- Sihan Chen University of Chicago
- Na Ji UC Berkeley
- Fatemeh Nargesian University of Rochester
- Duje Tadin University of Rochester
- Alex Iosevich University of Rochester
- Alison Peterman University of Rochester
- Yurong Liu New York University
- Feng Vankee Lin Stanford University
- Ehsan Adeli Stanford University
- Yanchen Wang Stanford University
- Ruyuan Zhang Shanghai Jiao Tong University